Author Archive: John D. Chitty

Theological & Doxological Meditation #30

Mode of Application
Q. How doth the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?

A. The Spirit applieth to us
the redemption purchased by Christ,
by working faith in us (Eph 2:8),
and thereby uniting us to Christ
in our effectual calling (Eph 3:17; 1 Cor 1:9).

By Grace I’m Saved, Grace Free and Boundless
#456, The Trinity Hymnal (© 1990)
Christian L. Scheidt, 1742, centro
Alt. 1990, mod.

By grace I’m saved,
grace free and boundless;
my soul, believe and doubt it not.
Why stagger at this word of promise?
Has Scripture ever falsehood taught?
No; then this word must true remain:
by grace you too shall heav’n obtain.

By grace! None dare lay claim to merit;
our works and conduct have no worth.
God in his love sent our Redeemer,
Christ Jesus, to this sinful earth;
his death did for our sins atone,
and we are saved by grace alone.

By grace! O mark this word of promise
when you are by your sins oppressed,
when Satan plagues your troubled conscience,
and when your heart is seeking rest.
What reason cannot comprehend
God by his grace to you will send.

By grace! This ground of faith is certain;
so long as God is true, it stands.
What saints have penned by inspiration,
what in his Word our God commands,
what our whole faith must rest upon,
is grace alone, grace in his Son.

Theological and Doxological Meditation #29


Redemption Applied

Q. How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?
A. We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ,
by the effectual application of it to us (John 1:12)
by his Holy Spirit (Titus 3:5).
Not what my hands have done
can save my guilty soul;
not what my toiling flesh has born
can make my spirit whole.
Not what I feel or do
can give me peace with God;
not all my prayers and sighs and tears
can bear my awful load.
Thy work alone, O Christ,
can ease this weight of sin;
thy blood alone, O Lamb of God,
can give me peace within.
Thy love to me, O God,
not mine, O Lord, to thee,
can rid me of this dark unrest,
and set my spirit free.
Thy grace alone, O God,
to me can pardon speak;
thy pow’r alone, O Son of God,
can this sor bondage break.
No other work, save thine,
no other blood will do;
no strength, save that which is divine,
can bear me safely through.
I bless the Christ of God;
I rest on love divine;
and with unfalt’ring lip and heart,
I call this Savior mine.
His cross dispels each doubt;
I bury in his tomb
each thought of unbelief and fear,
each ling’ring shade of gloom.
I praise the God of grace;
I trust his truth and might;
he calls me his, I call him mine,
my God, my joy, my light.
‘Tis he who saveth me,
and freely pardon gives;
I love because he loveth me,
I live because he lives.

Lex Talionis: From the Palace, to the Rabbit Hole, to the Courtroom, To the Gallows

 
Whoever takes a human life shall surely be put to death.
 
At 9:05PM Central, 10:05PM Eastern, and 6:05AM Iraqi time, the deposed dictator, Saddam Hussein was duly executed by hanging along with his brother-in-law and a third figure.
I watched a few minutes of an Iraqi ambassador speaking with Anderson Cooper on CNN just now, and he pointed out that the apparent death toll resulting from Saddam Hussein’s 35 year reign, patterned closely after the methods of arch-communist, Joseph Stalin, numbers in the neighborhood of 2 million Iraqi citizens–this number includes those found in mass graves as late as April of 2003. He said that this number is the proportional equivalent of having killed 20 million American citizens!
Here’s a video history of Saddam’s reign.
Consider the following passage, Romans 12:14-13:14 . . .
. . . 14 Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse them. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep. 16 Live in harmony with one another. Do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly. [8] Never be conceited. 17 Repay no one evil for evil, but give thought to do what is honorable in the sight of all. 18 If possible, so far as it depends on you, live peaceably with all. 19 Beloved, never avenge yourselves, but leave it [9] to the wrath of God, for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord.” 20 To the contrary, “if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink; for by so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.” 21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

13:1 Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. 2 Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. 3 For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, 4 for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer. 5 Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God’s wrath but also for the sake of conscience. 6 For the same reason you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. 7 Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.8 Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. 9 The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 10 Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.

11 Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed. 12 The night is far gone; the day is at hand. So then let us cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light. 13 Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy. 14 But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.
The November/December 2006 issue of Modern Reformation magazine, “Govern Well or Be Governed?” says the following about this passage: “When Paul commands believers to ‘leave room for the wrath of God’ in 12:19, he’s imploring them to let the unbelieving civil government do its job. The Lord’s vengeance isn’t just future, it is also present.”
When you look at this passage from this perspective, that means that God’s wrath has just been meted out on Saddam Hussein for his murderous regime. I find it interesting as I consider the context of Romans 13, in which Paul writes to citizens of a pagan government and urges them to be subject to the government, and that God himself ordained that pagan government as the servant of law-abiding citizens for good by carrying out God’s wrath on wrongdoers (Romans 13:4-5). What I find interesting is that this is kind of a special case. Saddam was the God-ordained government, God’s servant to carry out God’s wrath on wrongdoers. God gave Saddam Hussein the good gift of this authority. This authority was abused by him. The governments of the world fruitlessly exercised measure after measure to influence Saddam to rein in his reign of terror. Finally, a U.S.-led coalition deposed him. God’s wrath was beginning to be carried out against this evildoer. Regardless of one’s political opinions or feelings about the Bush administration, this is what took place from the apostle Paul’s perspective, as far as I can see. A coalition of other God-ordained governments pooled their resources, deposed the God-ordained leader of Iraq, and the newly God-ordained government of Iraq tried him for his crimes against his own people.
Saddam’s path goes from God’s servant to avenge evil, to agent of evil, to citizen-defendent-subject of the wrath of God.
 
Finally, consider Ecclesiastes 8:10-13 . . .
10 Then I saw the wicked buried. They used to go in and out of the holy place and were praised [4] in the city where they had done such things. This also is vanity. 11 Because the sentence against an evil deed is not executed speedily, the heart of the children of man is fully set to do evil. 12 Though a sinner does evil a hundred times and prolongs his life, yet I know that it will be well with those who fear God, because they fear before him. 13 But it will not be well with the wicked, neither will he prolong his days like a shadow, because he does not fear before God.
The heart of Saddam Hussein was certainly set in him to do evil, for he went in and out and was praised (by those at gunpoint) in the city were he did such things. Saddam Hussein did evil a hundred times and prolonged his life, and finally, it was not well with this wicked man, though he tried, he ultimately did not prolong his days because he did not fear before God.

The Cambridge Declaration of the Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals

Speaking of the Solas, there are a few bloggers out there wondering, “Who devised the ‘Five Solas of the Reformation’ in the first place?” I’ll direct you to one post, and you can follow the trail of links if you are so inclined.

Furthermore, since I’ve finally put in writing how the historic evangelical distinctive of Sola Scriptura has devolved in the life of many evangelicals, I would now like to not merely “curse the darkness” (if you will–Baptist readers, try not to take this reference too personally or literally) but “light a light.” I affirm the following declaration and believe the essence of its theses is vital to a genuine reformation of contemporary evangelical traditions of every variety.

John D. Chitty



April 20, 1996

Evangelical churches today are increasingly dominated by the spirit of this age rather than by the Spirit of Christ. As evangelicals, we call ourselves to repent of this sin and to recover the historic Christian faith.


In the course of history words change. In our day this has happened to the word “evangelical.” In the past it served as a bond of unity between Christians from a wide diversity of church traditions. Historic evangelicalism was confessional. It embraced the essential truths of Christianity as those were defined by the great ecumenical councils of the church. In addition, evangelicals also shared a common heritage in the “solas” of the sixteenth century Protestant Reformation.

Today the light of the Reformation has been significantly dimmed. The consequence is that the word “evangelical” has become so inclusive as to have lost its meaning. We face the peril of losing the unity it has taken centuries to achieve. Because of this crisis and because of our love of Christ, his gospel and his church, we endeavor to assert anew our commitment to the central truths of the Reformation and of historic evangelicalism. These truths we affirm not because of their role in our traditions, but because we believe that they are central to the Bible.

Sola Scriptura: The Erosion of Authority
Scripture alone is the inerrant rule of the church’s life, but the evangelical church today has separated Scripture from its authoritative function. In practice, the church is guided, far too often, by the culture. Therapeutic technique, marketing strategies, and the beat of the entertainment world often have far more to say about what the church wants, how it functions and what it offers, than does the Word of God. Pastors have neglected their rightful oversight of worship, including the doctrinal content of the music. As biblical authority has been abandoned in practice, as its truths have faded from Christian consciousness, and as its doctrines have lost their saliency, the church has been increasingly emptied of its integrity, moral authority and direction.

Rather than adapting Christian faith to satisfy the felt needs of consumers, we must proclaim the law as the only measure of true righteousness and the gospel as the only announcement of saving truth. Biblical truth is indispensable to the church’s understanding, nurture and discipline.

Scripture must take us beyond our perceived needs to our real needs and liberate us from seeing ourselves through the seductive images, cliches, promises and priorities of mass culture. It is only in the light of God’s truth that we understand ourselves aright and see God’s provision for our need. The Bible, therefore, must be taught and preached in the church. Sermons must be expositions of the Bible and its teachings, not expressions of the preacher’s opinions or the ideas of the age. We must settle for nothing less than what God has given.

The work of the Holy Spirit in personal experience cannot be disengaged from Scripture. The Spirit does not speak in ways that are independent of Scripture. Apart from Scripture we would never have known of God’s grace in Christ. The biblical Word, rather than spiritual experience, is the test of truth.

Thesis One: Sola Scriptura

We reaffirm the inerrant Scripture to be the sole source of written divine revelation,which alone can bind the conscience. The Bible alone teaches all that is necessary for our salvation from sin and is the standard by which all Christian behavior must be measured.

We deny that any creed, council or individual may bind a Christian’s conscience, that the Holy Spirit speaks independently of or contrary to what is set forth in the Bible, or that personal spiritual experience can ever be a vehicle of revelation.

Solus Christus: The Erosion of Christ-Centered Faith
As evangelical faith becomes secularized, its interests have been blurred with those of the culture. The result is a loss of absolute values, permissive individualism, and a substitution of wholeness for holiness, recovery for repentance, intuition for truth, feeling for belief, chance for providence, and immediate gratification for enduring hope. Christ and his cross have moved from the center of our vision.

Thesis Two: Solus Christus

We reaffirm that our salvation is accomplished by the mediatorial work of the historical Christ alone. His sinless life and substitutionary atonement alone are sufficient for our justification and reconciliation to the Father.

We deny that the gospel is preached if Christ’s substitutionary work is not declared and faith in Christ and his work is not solicited.

Sola Gratia: The Erosion of The Gospel
Unwarranted confidence in human ability is a product of fallen human nature. This false confidence now fills the evangelical world; from the self-esteem gospel, to the health and wealth gospel, from those who have transformed the gospel into a product to be sold and sinners into consumers who want to buy, to others who treat Christian faith as being true simply because it works. This silences the doctrine of justification regardless of the official commitments of our churches.

God’s grace in Christ is not merely necessary but is the sole efficient cause of salvation. We confess that human beings are born spiritually dead and are incapable even of cooperating with regenerating grace.

Thesis Three: Sola Gratia
We reaffirm that in salvation we are rescued from God’s wrath by his grace alone. It is the supernatural work of the Holy Spirit that brings us to Christ by releasing us from our bondage to sin and raising us from spiritual death to spiritual life.

We deny that salvation is in any sense a human work. Human methods, techniques or strategies by themselves cannot accomplish this transformation. Faith is not produced by our unregenerated human nature.

Sola Fide: The Erosion of The Chief Article
Justification is by grace alone through faith alone because of Christ alone. This is the article by which the church stands or falls. Today this article is often ignored, distorted or sometimes even denied by leaders, scholars and pastors who claim to be evangelical. Although fallen human nature has always recoiled from recognizing its need for Christ’s imputed righteousness, modernity greatly fuels the fires of this discontent with the biblical Gospel. We have allowed this discontent to dictate the nature of our ministry and what it is we are preaching.

Many in the church growth movement believe that sociological understanding of those in the pew is as important to the success of the gospel as is the biblical truth which is proclaimed. As a result, theological convictions are frequently divorced from the work of the ministry. The marketing orientation in many churches takes this even further, erasing the distinction between the biblical Word and the world, robbing Christ’s cross of its offense, and reducing Christian faith to the principles and methods which bring success to secular corporations.

While the theology of the cross may be believed, these movements are actually emptying it of its meaning. There is no gospel except that of Christ’s substitution in our place whereby God imputed to him our sin and imputed to us his righteousness. Because he bore our judgment, we now walk in his grace as those who are forever pardoned, accepted and adopted as God’s children. There is no basis for our acceptance before God except in Christ’s saving work, not in our patriotism, churchly devotion or moral decency. The gospel declares what God has done for us in Christ. It is not about what we can do to reach him.

Thesis Four: Sola Fide
We reaffirm that justification is by grace alone through faith alone because of Christ alone. In justification Christ’s righteousness is imputed to us as the only possible satisfaction of God’s perfect justice.

We deny that justification rests on any merit to be found in us, or upon the grounds of an infusion of Christ’s righteousness in us, or that an institution claiming to be a church that denies or condemns sola fide can be recognized as a legitimate church.

Soli Deo Gloria: The Erosion of God-Centered Worship
Wherever in the church biblical authority has been lost, Christ has been displaced, the gospel has been distorted, or faith has been perverted, it has always been for one reason: our interests have displaced God’s and we are doing his work in our way. The loss of God’s centrality in the life of today’s church is common and lamentable. It is this loss that allows us to transform worship into entertainment, gospel preaching into marketing, believing into technique, being good into feeling good about ourselves, and faithfulness into being successful. As a result, God, Christ and the Bible have come to mean too little to us and rest too inconsequentially upon us.

God does not exist to satisfy human ambitions, cravings, the appetite for consumption, or our own private spiritual interests. We must focus on God in our worship, rather than the satisfaction of our personal needs. God is sovereign in worship; we are not. Our concern must be for God’s kingdom, not our own empires, popularity or success.

Thesis Five: Soli Deo Gloria
We reaffirm that because salvation is of God and has been accomplished by God, it is for God’s glory and that we must glorify him always. We must live our entire lives before the face of God, under the authority of God and for his glory alone.

We deny that we can properly glorify God if our worship is confused with entertainment, if we neglect either Law or Gospel in our preaching, or if self-improvement, self-esteem or self-fulfillment are allowed to become alternatives to the gospel.

A Call To Repentance & Reformation
The faithfulness of the evangelical church in the past contrasts sharply with its unfaithfulness in the present. Earlier in this century, evangelical churches sustained a remarkable missionary endeavor, and built many religious institutions to serve the cause of biblical truth and Christ’s kingdom. That was a time when Christian behavior and expectations were markedly different from those in the culture. Today they often are not. The evangelical world today is losing its biblical fidelity, moral compass and missionary zeal.

We repent of our worldliness. We have been influenced by the “gospels” of our secular culture, which are no gospels. We have weakened the church by our own lack of serious repentance, our blindness to the sins in ourselves which we see so clearly in others, and our inexcusable failure to adequately tell others about God’s saving work in Jesus Christ.

We also earnestly call back erring professing evangelicals who have deviated from God’s Word in the matters discussed in this Declaration. This includes those who declare that there is hope of eternal life apart from explicit faith in Jesus Christ, who claim that those who reject Christ in this life will be annihilated rather than endure the just judgment of God through eternal suffering, or who claim that evangelicals and Roman Catholics are one in Jesus Christ even where the biblical doctrine of justification is not believed.

The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals asks all Christians to give consideration to implementing this Declaration in the church’s worship, ministry, policies, life and evangelism.
For Christ’s sake.
Amen.

Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals Executive Council (1996)
Dr. John Armstrong
The Rev. Alistair Begg
Dr. James M. Boice
Dr. W. Robert Godfrey
Dr. John D. Hannah
Dr. Michael S. Horton
Mrs. Rosemary Jensen
Dr. R. Albert Mohler, Jr.
Dr. Robert M. Norris
Dr. R.C. Sproul
Dr. Gene Edward Veith
Dr. David Wells
Dr. Luder Whitlock
Dr. J.A.O. Preus, III

FOR FURTHER READING, SEE ALSO:
Highlights From The Cambridge Summit Meeting
An Introduction to The Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals, by James M. Boice
This declaration may be reproduced without permission. Please credit the source by citing the Alliance of Confessing Evangelicals.

The Baptist Version of “Sola Scriptura”

Under the heading of “Legacy” in the Wikipedia entry on Sola Scriptura, I found this interesting paragraph:
“The conception of sola scriptura has changed over time. In addition to being a method of reforming church authority and tradition, sola scriptura now often implies an additional antithesis between the authority of the individual and authority of the Church. In addition to contesting and reforming traditions negatively attested to in scripture, many Protestants also remove traditions that the Bible doesn’t positively and clearly support. Certainly sola scriptura is applied more liberally today than the original reformers intended.”
This reflects a personal opinion of mine which has developed in my journey from Baptist fundamentalism (for example, see my previous church’s website) to Reformed confessionalism (although I am providentially a member of a fairly traditional, and somewhat Reformed-sympathetic Southern Baptist Church). This opinion of mine goes under the heading of “The Baptist Version of Sola Scriptura.” Like in the Wikipedia article, as I learned Reformed theology from very non-Baptistic sources, I noticed that what Reformed folks called Sola Scriptura, and how Baptists generally tended to use the phrase Sola Scriptura (or the concept, if not the phrase itself) were two different things. Reformed theology emphasizes that Scripture alone is the only source of divine revelation, correcting the Roman Catholic belief that Scripture and church tradition are equal sources of divine revelation, — and the final authority of all faith and practice, whereas Baptist practice and preaching, while including sentiments parallel to Reformed theology’s emphasis, allowed it to logically dovetail with the Baptist distinctive of Priesthood of All Believers and the distinctive sometimes called “Soul Competency“, “Soul Liberty” or “Liberty of Conscience.”
I basically believe that, whatever is right about the Baptist tradition, it learned from the Reformed tradition; and conversely, that whatever is wrong about the Baptist tradition, it learned from the Anabaptist tradition.
The Anabaptist tradition, if I may speak generally (and I may, because this is my blog!!!), is equated in my mind with the tendency toward individualism, whereas the Reformed tradition is equated in my mind with a sober balance of individualism checked by church authority regulated (ideally) by Sola Scriptura.
The Baptist tradition’s sympathy for some Anabaptistic emphases accounts, for example, for their emphasis on “credo-baptism,” more commonly known as “Believer’s Baptism,” or as I call it “Baptism Of Believers Only By Immersion Only.” While some Baptists believe their historic origins follow a path which emerges out of the Reformation era Anabaptist movement, yet predates it in the form of many of the persecuted heretical groups of the medieval period (Paulicians, Bogomils, Cathars/Albigenses and other similarly scary groups), a Baptist-history theory called Baptist Successionism, the more historically competent recognize that the Baptist tradition finds its historic origin squarely in the seventeenth century English Separatist movement, which happens to be a Reformed tradition! First objecting to the baptism of the infant children of believers on account of “The Baptist Version of Sola Scriptura” they began sprinkling, or pouring water in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit on professing believers only. This practice is based on their inability to recognize the association between Old Testament circumcision and New Testament water baptism because there is no explicit command to baptize the children of believers (and they either skip over, or misinterpret Colossians 2:11-12, which is a New Testament verse associating circumcision with water baptism).
In short, to abruptly conclude, I believe that as the Baptist tradition followed the example of the Anabaptist tradition toward a more individualistic emphasis, they took a step away from the solid foundation of the Reformed tradition. This is how I account for what I call “The Baptist Version of Sola Scriptura” and I believe in this area and others, Baptists are in need of returning to their Reformed roots. For assistance in this endeavor, consult the following websites:
Reformata, Semper Reformanda (“Reformed, Always Reforming”)

Theological and Doxological Meditation #28

Christ’s Exaltation
Q. Wherein consisteth Christ’s exaltation?
A. Christ’s exaltation consisteth in his rising again from the dead on the third day (1 Cor 15:4),
in ascending up into heaven,
in sitting at the right hand of God the Father (Mark 16:19),
and in coming to judge the world at the last day (Acts 17:31).
Blessing and honor and glory and power,
wisdom and riches and strength evermore
give ye to him who our battle hath won,
whose are the kingdom, the crown and the throne.
Soundeth the heav’n of the heav’ns with his name;
ringeth the earth with his glory and fame;
ocean and mountain, stream, forest, and flower
echo his praises and tell of his power.
Ever ascendeth the song and the joy;
ever descendeth the love from on high;
blessing and honor and glory and praise–
this is the theme of the hymns that we raise.
Give we the glory and praise to the Lamb;
take we the robe and the harp and the palm;
sing we the song of the Lamb that was slain,
dying in weakness, but rising to reign.

Alistair Begg Shows ‘Em How It’s Done

Go straight to Reforming Baptist and link to a local news interview featuring Alistair Begg answering all the hot potato questions that have gotten other megachurch pastors in trouble with their own people. Way to go, Pastor Begg!

Christmas Countdown

I just received in my inbox an enewsletter from Christian History & Biography Magazine, one of the many magazines under the umbrella of the Christianity Today Magazine empire. This week’s message provided links to several articles on the history of our Christmas traditions.

This is a topic that always interests me. Having learned over the years how many conservative Christians, especially those of my new-found and beloved Reformed heritage, have objected, and continue to object to the celebration of Christ’s birth due to perceived pagan influences, it’s now possible in this age of the internet that the truth behind these traditions become even more widespread than before! (Expose yourself to some excellent insight into the Reformed debate over Christmas at Covenant Corner–The Regulative Principle and Christmas, parts 1, 2, and 3)

For those of you who do not know, these magazines are among the staple sources of information from an evangelical perspective which favors no evangelical tradition over the other. They do what they humanly can to remain objective within that broad spectrum of viewpoints. Christianity Today does a very good job of providing an informative introduction to whatever is going on in today’s evangelical community, and her daughter title, Christian History & Biography, does equally well introducing its readers to the history of the church, and the lives of some of its most notable figures throughout its history. I highly recommend both magazines to those who desire to be informed on things related to their own evangelical tradition as well as well as those of others. It’s one way we can prevent the uninformed, prejudiced tendency to rely on overstatement and reductionism in reference to other evangelicals who don’t share our perspectives on our various distinctive beliefs and practices; a tendency about which my friend, Bob Hayton, at Fundamentally Reformed, recently blogged. Check out his posts and be sure to enrich your knowledge of the traditions of the Christmas season at the Christian History and Biography Special Section on Christmas Origins.

Theological and Doxological Meditation #27

Christ’s Humiliation
Q. Wherein did
Christ’s humiliation consist?
A. Christ’s humiliation consisted in his being born,
and that in a low condition (Luke 2:7),
made under the law (Galatians 4:4),
undergoing the miseries of this life (Isaiah 53:3),
the wrath of God (Matthew 27:46),
and the cursed death of the cross (Philippians 2:8),
in being buried,
and continuing under the power of death for a time (Matthew 12:40).
Who is this, so weak and helpless,
child of lowly Hebrew maid,
rudely in a stable sheltered,
coldly in a manger laid?
‘Tis the Lord of all creation,
who this wondrous path has trod;
he is God from everlasting,
and to everlasting God.
Who is this, a Man of Sorrows,
walking sadly life’s hard way,
homeless, weary, sighing, weeping
over sin and Satan’s sway?
‘Tis our God, our glorious Savior,
who above the starry sky
is for us a place preparing,
where no tear can dim the eye.
Who is this? Behold him shedding
drops of blood upon the ground!
Who is this, despised, rejected,
mocked, insulted, beaten, bound?
‘Tis our God, who gifts and graces
on his church is pouring down;
who shall smite in holy vengeance
all his foes beneath his throne.
Who is this that hangs there dying
while the rude world scoffs and scrons,
numbered with the malefactors,
torn with nails, and crowned with thorns?
‘Tis our God who lives forever
‘mid the shining ones on high,
in the glorious golden city,
reigning everlastingly.

Captain Headknowledge for Kids


My Wednesday nights are dedicated to taking the truth of Scripture and learning how to effectively present it to kids. Working with kids reminds me that the lessons I teach must focus on one single point which is underscored by everything else in the lesson. I’m not always successful at this. After all, I’m Captain Headknowledge! I don’t talk long about much. I draw a blank when sports, politics, finances, etc. are the topics at hand, but if you get me on theology, unless I can tell you know more than me, I’m hard to shut up. That’s not conducive to highlighting one single point. I’m the theology geek your fundamentalist mother warned you about. But that’s why I work with kids in the AWANA program at my church. Captain Headknowledge remains a work in progress.

Another weakness in my teaching skills is my lack of interest in finding illustrative material to supplement my teaching. I relate well to what I once read about William Carey when he preached before the group of men charged with examining him in view of his ordination. After Carey’s sermon, one of the men critiqued his sermon by saying something like, “We see you are very capable of telling your hearers what the truth is, but you need to learn to also tell them what the truth is like.” Right there with ya’, Will!

Occasionally, as I’m preparing my AWANA lessons, and others I’ve taught in other classes in the past, an illustration or, in this case, an analogous object lesson of sorts, will give me a particular thrill. I would like to share my most recent one with you today.

I’ve been teaching “expository” lessons on a significant portion of Paul’s second letter to Timothy, leading up to the famous verse after which AWANA is named. As most of you probably know, AWANA stands for “Approved Workers Are Not Ashamed.”
While I started at the beginning of the school year at 2 Timothy 1:7, I have finally arrived at the final paragraph, in which is contained the verse for which the children’s program is its namesake.

“Remind them of these things, and charge them before God not to quarrel about words, which does no good, but only ruins the hearers. Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth. But avoid irreverent babble, for it will lead people into more and more ungodliness, and their talk will spread like gangrene. Among them are Hymaneus and Philetus, who have swerved from the truth, saying that the resurrection has already happened. They are upsetting the faith of some. God’s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: ‘The Lord knows those who are his,’ and, ‘Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.'”

As I considered verses 14 through 16, I observed that the AWANA verse, verse 15, is “sandwiched” between two verses which seem to provide the photographic negative of one or the other of the two components I’d been drilling into my boys’ heads all year (“Approved Workers . . . (1) Believe the Gospel, and (2) Live Godly.”). Thus came to me my object lesson. I went to the store and bought a loaf of bread, went to the cabinet and grabbed the peanut butter, then to the refrigerator for a squeeze bottle of jelly, scooped up the wife and the three school-age members of my bevy of five children, and hit the road for the Wednesday night service (ask me to forward you a copy of my pastor’s PowerPoint outline introducing his current exposition on the book of Romans, from which I am providentially “let hitherto” in God’s goodness and wisdom).

The Approved Worker Sandwich

1. Unapproved Workers Rewrite the Gospel and Can Ruin Your Faith(“Foundational” Slice of Bread) ” . . . charge them before God not to quarrel about words, which does no good, but only ruins the hearers.”

2. Approved Workers Believe the Gospel (Peanut Butter–the Protein in PB Satisfies Your Hunger) ” . . . rightly handling the word of truth.”

3. Approved Workers Live Godly (Jelly–Jelly is Sweet, Just Like Godly Lives) “Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed . . . “

4. Unapproved Workers’ Irreverent Babble Promotes Ungodliness (Top Slice of Bread) “But avoid irreverent babble, for it will lead people into more and more ungodliness, and their talk will spread like gangrene.”

Hymaneus and Philetus are prime examples of “unapproved workers.” They are an example of what not to be and do. They don’t believe the good news that Jesus died for our sins and rose for our justification, so they rewrite their doctrine about the resurrection, which is so closely tied to Christ’s resurrection, which is one aspect of the Gospel. By this false teaching, Hymaneus and Philetus ruined the faith of those who received their teaching.

Hymaneus and Philetus also served as examples of “unapproved workers” in that their irreverent babble spread like gangrene and undermined the godliness of those who followed their teaching and example.

Paul instructed Timothy to charge the Ephesians to neither “argue about words,” and thereby corrupt the purity of the Gospel, nor engage in irreverent babble and thereby promote ungodliness in their own behavior and the behavior of those who may be influenced by their example. Consider, for instance, my kid-friendly illustration–how that they do this on TV all the time. Sometimes they show people doing bad things in a funny way; or they show people do good things in a goofy way. Either way, we laugh about it, and if we’re not careful to keep in mind what’s really right and wrong, we can be led to think the bad thing isn’t that bad and the good thing isn’t that good. False teachers are irreverent about the gospel and godly living. They’ll make fun of those who believe the true gospel and they’ll make fun of those who try to show they believe the true gospel by living godly. They’ll laugh at them and get others laughing at them and all the time they are losing more and more faith in the gospel and respect for godly believers.

But Paul does not just load Timothy down with such a pile of imperatives alone. His instructions are explicitly based (as ours should ALWAYS be! Ahem!!) on some very edifying indicatives, which, speaking of sandwiches, both proceed and follow the present passage (an imperative sandwich! Mmm!!)

Notice that verse fourteen begins with “Remind them of these things.” What things? “If we have died with him, we will also live with him; if we endure, will also reign. (vs. 11, 12) and in keeping with a popular form of Pauline homiletics, “But God’s firm foundation stands sure, having this seal, ‘The Lord knows those who are his’ (v. 17). Professing believers may far too often be led astray by ungodly and argumentative irreverends of spiritual ruination, but, take heart, says Paul, none of God’s elect will ever be irrevocably lost after this manner! God preserves his elect and they will persevere in their belief in the Gospel, the end of the right handling of the Word of truth, and they will persevere in their “experimental Calvinism,” their godly lives, until the end of the age, at which time they will be able to present themselves to God once and for all as workers who have no need to be ashamed! Thus Paul encouraged Timothy to serve the flock of God under his charge by the power of the indwelling Spirit, guarding the good deposit (another term for the Word of truth, the central point of which is the good news of redemption in the Person and Work of the Lord Jesus Christ) which has been entrusted to him.

I offer this presentation to my fellow Reformed bloggers not, as some may assume, to glory in what a great exeget, expositor and homileticist I am, but for your collective constructive criticism. I’m out to continue learning how to teach God’s Word God’s way with the help of those of you who are a little further down the Reformation trail.

The End of the Romans Revolution 2006

Following are passages discussed in the December 3, 2006 program of the White Horse Inn, entitled, “The Bible vs. Romans, part 2″:

Each of the following passages are brought up to argue with vital doctrines presented by the apostle Paul in his letter to the Romans. Is the Bible clear on sin, grace, justification, sanctification and free will? Or can the teaching of some Bible writers be pitted against Paul’s teaching in Romans to counteract his presentation of these doctrines?

Matthew 19:16-20

16 And behold, a man came up to him, saying, “Teacher, what good deed must I do to have eternal life?” 17 And he said to him, “Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good. If you would enter life, keep the commandments.” 18 He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, “You shall not murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness, 19 Honor your father and mother, and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 20 The young man said to him, “All these I have kept. What do I still lack?”

Some of Michael Horton’s comments on this passage touching on justification and the Law:

“Jesus saved himself and us by obeying the commandments.”

” . . . it is possible to have this external, Mosaic righteousness without really fulfilling the deeper intentions of the Law, because, it’s not as it was with the woman at the well, where Jesus can say, go, show me your husband, or let’s talk about the five husbands you’ve divorced. Here, is a case where Jesus doesn’t say, ‘Now, I remember on October the 12th, you did such and such.’ He doesn’t contest his claim to have done all of these things from his youth. He presses on to say, ‘Even if you have done all these things, according to the national righteousness, the national average, you really have not loved your neighbor, because, your neighbor is right over there on the street corner in rags and you’ve done absolutely nothing about it.”

Romans 4:5; 7:21— The believer is righteous in Christ while remaining wicked in himself

Yeah, but what about . . .

Hebrews 10:26, 27?

26 For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, 27 but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries.

Kim Riddlebarger explains the context. . .

“Isn’t the reference point for that comment back in chapter six, where the author of Hebrews is talking about those who were once enlightened, and have partaken of the heavenly gift, and those who fall away can never be brought back again? The context seems to be a number of Jews who’ve made professions of faith and who have abandoned Christianity for Judaism under the persecution of other Jews.”

Ken Jones explains the application . . .

“For you to reject Christ, to turn away from Christ, and go back and offer an animal sacrifice to seek to appease God, you are trampling underfoot the blood of his Son. . . .(the animal sacrifices) were prescribed in the Mosaic Law, that’s his whole point. All of the sacrifices in the Mosaic Law pointed to the Person and Work of Christ. As long as they were understood as pointing to Christ, it was sufficient for those people as they looked to Christ, but now that he has come all of that has been fulfilled. So there is no need for an animal sacrifice, there is no need for all of the trappings of the Mosaic Law. It’s over!”

Pray, tell, dear Reader, what passage in Romans touches on and agrees with this exposition and application of this passage in Hebrews? Consider Romans 7:7-24 . . .

The Law and Sin
7
What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” 8 But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. Apart from the law, sin lies dead. 9 I was once alive apart from the law, but when the commandment came, sin came alive and I died. 10 The very commandment that promised life proved to be death to me. 11 For sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, deceived me and through it killed me. 12 So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.
13 Did that which is good, then, bring death to me? By no means! It was sin, producing death in me through what is good, in order that sin might be shown to be sin, and through the commandment might become sinful beyond measure. 14 For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin. 15 I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate. 16 Now if I do what I do not want, I agree with the law, that it is good. 17 So now it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me. 18 For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out. 19 For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I keep on doing. 20 Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me.
21 So I find it to be a law that when I want to do right, evil lies close at hand. 22 For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being, 23 but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members. 24 Wretched man that I am!

Who will deliver me from this body of death?

25 Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord!

So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.
The teaching of the Bible does not hold some unrealistic expectation that you are going to perfectly obey everything in thought, word and deed, now that you have been justified in Christ, for you have not yet been completely sanctified yet, neither have you yet been glorified! Paul remained, in practical terms, wicked in himself, even though he was justified before God in the Person and Work of Christ and no longer desired to serve his sinful nature. A lot of people are fond of calling Paul “the greatest Christian who ever lived.” Sometimes I wonder if those who say that really catch the full import of his words in the book of Romans. I would sooner agree with Paul’s explicit words in 1 Timothy 1:15, “The saying is trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am the foremost.”

Again, for this revolutionary truth found in the book of Romans and the rest of the Bible, we can only give thanks to God through Jesus Christ our Lord, because “There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.(notice the period at the end of this sentence!)

Technical Difficulties–Please Stand By

For those of you who enjoyed my recent post on Harold John Ockenga, I want you to know that human error is to blame for its subsequent disappearance. I may replace it soon, but, not today.

Enjoyed all the comments it generated! Sorry for the inconvenience.

Thus concludes this misadventure . . .

A Plea for Inconsistency

I had a conversation with a friend of mine a few weeks ago. He’s a Southern Baptist who, as so many of them do today, holds to four of Arminius’ five points. Fortunately, his thinking is inconsistent enough to affirm “eternal security.” But he told me a relative of his was sharing some scripture with him that was beginning to persuade him to believe that a believer just might lose his salvation (“Danger, Will Robinson! Danger!!”) if he refuses to confess his sin. While he already believes that man is fallen, but not so fallen that he can’t do any good accompanying salvation, God’s election of him is conditioned on his decision to receive Christ, Jesus died to make everyone in the world “saveable,” and that, just because the Holy Spirit may be the divine source of faith, and may have awakened you to your need for Christ, that doesn’t mean you have to receive him, my poor friend was in danger of becoming a consistent, five-point Arminian. Now, we just can’t have that!

The saving grace of the overwhelming majority of Southern Baptists is that they haven’t fallen so far from their Calvinist heritage that they’ve enmasse denied the truth that once God has regenerated you, you can “fall from grace” and lose your salvation. They are saved from five-point Arminianism by their logical inconsistency. Of course, it is consistent with a self-centered worldview. Many believers may be offended by the total depravity of the sinner, the sovereignty of God in his unconditional election, the particular redemption of Christ, and the effectual call of the Holy Spirit, because that’s not fair to whomever God was pleased to leave to receive justice, but they’re certainly not offended when the grace over which they’re ultimately sovereign is promised to keep them for eternity! Oh, the blessed consistency of the self-centered four-point Arminian. His focus on his sovereignty and his benefit may be consistent, but his soteriology is definitely (no pun intended) inconsistent.

I attempted to share with my friend some truths from the book of Romans that affirm the Southern Baptist doctrine of “eternal security,” and argued that it goes along with another truth of which he may not have been familiar; namely, the four and a half points of Calvinism to which he currently objects!

I jotted down a short outline of the book of Romans, a survey of the doctrines of grace in each section of the book, and a “moral” or application which underscores his security in the light of the justification which was unconditionally and effectively applied to him. Thought I’d share them with you for your edification and, if need be, scrutiny. Please share with me your thoughts. What did I miss? Did I cover the bases thoroughly enough? Did I strike out? You be the judge.

One of the best ways to get election and eternal security straightened out, and God’s absolute sovereignty over both, is to study the book of Romans. The book of Romans is primarily concerned with the doctrine of justification by faith. If you notice the general outline of Romans, that condemnation and justification are two objective opposites, all the rest falls into place.

Romans 1-3 Condemnation in Adam
Romans 4-8 Justification in Christ
Romans 9-11 Justification and the Jews
Romans 12-16 Living in the Light of Justification in Christ

1-3 Condmenation is our natural state from conception, imputed to us because of our covenantal relationship with God in Adam;

4-8 Christ came as the last Adam to keep the Law, which Adam failed to keep, and to thereby earn eternal life as a man, that his righteousness may be imputed to all whom God has foreknown (defined as, “The Father’s savingly loving the elect before creation”), predestined (defined as, “The Father’s appointing the elect to obtain salvation”), called (defined as the Holy Spirit’s effectively applying the benefits of Christ’s redemption to the elect), justified (defined as “the Father’s declaring believers righteous in Christ”), and glorified (defined as, “The believers’ ultimate conformity to the image of Christ, morally and physically”). Paul applies our justification not only to our initial repentance toward God and faith toward Christ, but to the elect’s whole life of repentance and faith.

9-11 Paul raises and answers the question of God’s faithfulness to the Abrahamic covenant, considering the fact that Gentiles now predominate in “the Israel of God.” Paul’s answer is that God’s Israel are not those who are genealogical children of Abraham, but all who share Abraham’s faith by the sovereign, electing mercy of God, whether Jew or Gentile;

12-16 After eleven chapters of solid theology on the objective doctrine of justification by faith and lays the foundation for the believer’s subjective experience of progressive sanctification, Paul now gets “practical.” In view of the mercies of God (in other words, in view of the doctrine of justification by faith in Christ), Paul beseeches his readers to present themselves as living sacrifices, to exercise the gifts God has given each for the good of the many, gives a list of marks of the true Christian, appeals to us to submit to authority, to fulfill the Law through love, to refrain from judging brothers in Christ, to avoid offending brothers in Christ, or influencing them to violate their conscience and sin against God, to do all as eternally justified believers in the light of Christ’s example, looking forward to the mutual hope shared by believing Jews and Gentiles.

“Now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages, but has now been disclosed and through the prophetic writings has been made known to all nations, according to the command of the eternal God, to bring about the obedienc of faith–to the only wise God be glory forevermore through Jesus Christ. Amen” (Romans 16:25-27)

Moral
Allow the objective fact of justification to reassure you in the face of the fact of your subjective failure to be perfectly obedient now. Even though you fail, because of your justification, you walk according to the Spirit, have your mind set on the things of the Spirit, are under grace and free from the condemnation of the Law. And that’s the truth (raspberry)!

postscript: for a great sermon by John Piper on the doxology which closes the book of Romans, and how God strengthens believers, not by anything apart from the gospel, but by the gospel itself (and, like Luther, may I add, the gospel alone–solus benedictus? Somebody help me out with my Latin for “The Gospel Alone”!) click here. There you go, Bob, this post makes me first loser!

What Do You Listen For?

I just downloaded a great chapter (from Justin Taylor’s blog) from the soon-to-be-published book, Preaching the Cross by C. J. Mahaney (Crossway Books). The chapter is entitled, “The Pastor’s Priorities: Watch Your Life and Doctrine.” It touches on my favorite nerve. That’s my “Christ-centeredness” nerve.

I don’t know about you, but I go to church to hear the Law competently applied to my life so that it may reveal to me just what a violator of it that I am, which serves only as a setup for the point for which corporate worship was established, to hear that the Lord Jesus Christ has provided all that God the Father demands, on which the first man, Adam, and this man, John Chitty, have failed to deliver: Jesus Christ obeyed God’s Law perfectly and earned eternal life, then he offered himself up to receive the consequences of that which I do deserve . . . death! But that’s not all! Jesus didn’t remain dead, he rose on the third day, God thereby testifying that Jesus is his Son and that sinners are redeemed! My death is conquered in his, and his super-abounding life and grace now reign forever! Therefore, to bring things full circle, I desire to renew my faith in that Christ and renew my repentance from my sin, seeking to obey now, not out of a desire to earn anything (for I will continue to fall short, even in my obedience), but to gratefully render glory and honor and praise to my Savior.

That’s what I go to church to hear.

What do you go to church to hear?

Pastor C. J. Mahaney wrote a great exhortation to pastors in Preaching the Cross, pointing out to them that this is job number one. I want to share it with you so that you, too, can know what to expect along with me.
“As we watch our doctrine, we must never forget that which is central to our doctrine: the gospel of Jesus Christ. If you fail to keep the gospel at the core of your life and ministry, you have ceased to watch your doctrine closely. ‘The preachers’ commission,’ writes J. I. Packer, ‘is to declare the whole counsel of God; but the cross is the center of that counsel, and the Puritans knew that the traveler through the Bible landscape misses his way as soon as he loses sight of the hill called Calvary’ (J. I. Packer, A Quest for Godliness, (Wheaton: Crossway Books, 1990), 286.)

“In all our preaching, we must never lose sight of the hill called Calvary, where the Son of Man was killed in our place. Regardless of the text or topic at hand, there must be some view of Calvary in every sermon. Your congregation should experience the amazing and comforting sight of the crucified Savior each and every time you preach. They sould anticipate the sight of Calvary in every sermon, and rejoice when it comes into view. And all the more, when the cross is not immediately obvious in the text. ‘Where is the hill?’ they should be asking. ‘Where is that blessed hill on which our precious Savior died?’ We should exalt Christ’s finished work in our sermons so as to comfort the converted and convict the unbeliever.

“Spurgeon’s example should inspire us: ‘I received some years ago orders from my Master to stand at the foot of the cross until he comes. He has not come yet, but I mean to stand there until he does’ (C. H. Spurgeon, “The Old, Old Story,” The Spurgeon Archive, http://www.spurgeon.org/sermons/0446.htm (accessed July 2006)). Let us stand with the Prince of Preachers, gentlemen. As we preach the whole counsel of God, let us keep the cross central–by doing so, we will indeed be watching our doctrine.”

If Christ crucified is missing in the sermon, everything else loses all relevance! No matter how practical. Practical minus the gospel equals impractical (the Law kills–the Gospel gives life!)

Theological and Doxological Meditation #26

Christ’s Royal Office
Q. How does Christ execute the office of a king?
A. Christ executes
the office of a king,
in subduing us to himself
in ruling and defending us
and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies
O God, Your Judgments Give the King
Reformed Presbyterian Book of Psalms, 1940
O God, your judgments give the King,
his son your righteousness;
with right he shall your people judge,
your poor with uprightness.
And then the mountains shall bring forth
to all the people peace;
the hills because of righteousness
their blessing shall increase.
The people’s poor ones he shall judge,
the needy’s children bless;
and he will break in pieces those
who would the poor oppress.
The just shall flourish in his days,
and prosper in his reign;
and while the moon endures he shall
abundant peace maintain.
His large and great dominion shall
from sea to sea extend;
it from the River shall reach forth
to earth’s remotest end.
Yea, kings shall all before him bow,
all nations shall obey;
he’ll save the needy when they cry,
the poor who have no stay.
Now blessed be the Lord our God,
the God of Israel,
for he alone does wondrous works
in glory that excel.
And blessed be his glorious name
to all eternity.
The whole earth let his glory fill;
amen, so let it be.